Ms Description: S2322

Ms Identifier: Salamanca. Biblioteca Universitaria, Bibl.General Histórica, codex 2322.

  Older catalogue numbers: San Bartholomé  272 (272 appears on folio 1ra). Palacio VII B 5; 2-M-6; 1893 (see binding).

  Described in Catálogo de manuscritos de la Biblioteca Universitaria de Salamanca, II: Manuscritos 1680-2777, ed. Oscar Lilao Franca & Carmen Castrillo González, Salamanca: Ediciones Universidad de Salamanca, 2002, pp. 705-707.  See also G. Beaujouan, Manuscrits scientifiques médiévaux de l'Université de Salamanque et de ses “Colegios mayors,” Bordeaux: Féret et fils, 1962, pp. 142-143.

  Record prepared by Rega Wood & Ruth Meyer,  April 2007.  File name:  Sala2322.doc

Provenance

  S2322 belonged to the College of Bartholomé (oldest Salamanca college) until the end of the 18^th c.  when the College was suppressed (Beaujouan,  pp. 21, 30, 42-43).   Listed in the register of college books prepared by Guillen Gil de Murcia in 1433, a register now in Paris, ms. Espagnol 524, fol. 5r (Catalogue de la bibliothèque de M. Ricardo Heredia comte de Benahavis), Paris 1894, IV: 335, num. 6672: “Compendium totius philosophie naturalis”.  (Beaujouan, pp. 20-21).  Crown seized College assets by a decree of 19 September 1798, real cédula of 25 September per Novίsima recopilaciόn de las leyes VIII.3 (VI a IX), 6: 21. Subsequently, from 1799-1802, it was in the care of Antonio Tavira y Almazán, Bishop of Salamanca, as noted in the diocesan inventory (Archiv. Arzobispo).  Cf. Tavira's notes in Madrid BN 4404, 7253 (San Barth. only) 18037, 20619 per Beaujouan, pp. 43-44.  At Madrid in the Royal Library (Palacio) from 1803 to 1954, re Beaujouan, p. 45.

Collation

1⁸  2-3¹⁰   + 1 leaf (fol. 29), 4²  5¹⁴ 6¹⁰ 7-8⁸ || 9^{8 extra leaf after 3 = 75} 10^{12 lacks 12 (after 90')} 11⁶ 12⁸ 13^{4 lacks 4 (after 107)}

14-15⁸ 16² 17⁴ | 18¹⁰ 19^{4 lacks 4 (after 141a)}  20-21⁸ || 22-23⁸ 24¹⁰ 25⁸

Three  Part Composite Codex.  

Joined between 1308 (when MS 1 was copied) and 1433 (when it appears in a list of Bartholomé  college books), possibly by the Spanish Franciscan who copied MS 1, the Compendium, since Ms. 2 and Ms. 3 include some of the principal works cited by the Compendium.

  Folios 191 (bis 90, 141); 220 (except last quire = 210) x 155-160 mm.

  MS 1, fol. 1-71 (Q. 1-8):  Philippus de Vitriaco (?), Compendium philosophiae, Le Puy 1308.

  MS 2, fol. 72-132 (Q. 9-18):  Richardus Rufus, Dissertatio in Metaphysicam Aristot., cf. Wood, pp. 581-582;  fol. 132-157 (Q. 18-21): Ps. Buckfield (?),  Notitiae super Physicam Aristot., England.     13^ex re Donati 1998,  pp. 120, 142-156;  Lilao 13ⁱⁿ; Wood 13².

  MS 3, fol. 158-191 (Q. 22-25): William of Conches., Super Timeum Platonis, Italy.   Re  James Hankins 28.5.83 12^th c.; Lilao 12ⁱⁿ; Dutton & Hankins 12^ex, Wood 12^ex. 

Binding

  Speckled Brown/Tan Leather 230 x 165 x 45 mm.  Bound with 9 strings. 

  Double lines embossed circa 5 mm. apart on the edges of the front and back cover; 6 double gold lines enclosing gold dots on the spine, about 40 mm apart.

  COMPEND. TOTIUS PHILOSOPH. embossed in gold on red leather (also decorated in gold) in the second quadrangle.  Also on the spine the modern codex number (2322) and the preceding codex number (1893) on glued paper squares, top and bottom respectively.

  Inside front cover: Royal book plate: Biblioteca de Rey N. Señor. At the top of the plate is the number: 2-M-6; at the bottom [VII] B 5.  The “VII” is covered by a smalled blue edged paper square in exactly the same format as the number 1893 hand written as on the spine.        

  Marbled paper glued to the front and back covers and to the first paper fly leaf.

  Old catalog numbers on the verso of the first fly leaf: 2-M-6; S. Bart. 272.

MsPart:  Ms 1

1. Contents

  Philippus de Vitriaco (?) re C. Lohr, “Medieval Latin Aristotle Commentaries,” Traditio 28 (1972) 381;  Hugo Ripelin de Strasbourg (?) re Boüard.

       Compendium totius philosophie naturalis, f. 1ra-71vb

  Complete:  The suggestion that the last (eighth) book may be a late addition is mistaken, since its author wrote before 1246, employing the vetus translatio of the Nicomachean Ethics.

  Secundo Folio: secundum partem sui et non secundum totum [Boüard, p. 126].

1ra   Titulus (twice in different hands): Incipit Compendium Totius Philosophie Naturalis         

  Incipit: Cum omne desiderii compos, et maxime creatura rationalis, appetat suam perfectionem;  summa vero et finalis perfectio hominis sit in cognitione unius infallibilis veri, et in amore unius <om. MB> incommutabilis boni, quod est nosse <necesse sed corr. ? S> et amare suum Creatorem; et medium precipue inducens ad cognoscendum et amandum Creatorem sit cognitio et <om. S> consideratio vere <vere operum om. MB> operum Creatoris; <Creationis MB> iuxta <unde MB> illud ad Romanos I: “Invisibilia Dei a creatura mundi per ea que facta sunt intellecta conspiciuntur” etc. et Sapientia XIII: “A magnitudine speciei” etc. Sed hec non tantum ad cognicionem, verum etiam conferunt ad amorem Conditoris, iuxta <ibi S> illud psalmum: Dilexisti <Delectasti MB> me in factura tua, <tua quasi dicat] t. q. d. S> quasi dicat: <diceret MB> delectationem mihi prestitisti in te ex consideratione tue facture …” [Boüard (MB), p. 121].

71vb:  Explicit: …sed hebetantur et adnichilantur per infusionem aque calide inter vulnera. Explicit

compendium totius philosophie naturalis.

  Colophon: Et <? raz. S> scripsit cum magno labore istum librum, pro maiori parte frater

B[er]trandus <vel potius Burtrandus S> Pulli de ordine fratrum minorum in Podio. Unde <*Unde ora] Vanosa Beaujouan> ora pro eo ad Dominum dulcissimum atque mitissimum Ihesum Christum.  

  Anno Domini MCCCVIII hic liber est scriptus, quo anno fuit Pascha in festo tiburcii et valeriani in medio aprilis.

  Beaujouan (p. 142) states that Easter fell on 14 April in 1308 and refers to the Franciscan convent of

Poggio Canosa in the custody of Ascoli.  But the reference to Canosa, Italy is based on a misreading.    Probably the colophon refers to Le Puy-en-Velay (Podium B. Virginis) in the diocese of Toulouse and the custory of Vienne, cf. http://users.bart.nl/~roestb/franciscan/province.htm.  Just possible are the Italian Poggio Bastone (Podium Bastonis), Rieti; Poggibonsi (Podium Bonici), Sienna.  But given the hand, Puigcerdà (Podium Sardani) in the custody of Narbonne seems the only likely alternative. For a study of mendicant life in late medieval Puigcerdà see Iberia and the Mediterranean World of the Middle Ages. Studies in Honor of Robert I. Burns, S. J. III: XXX, ed. Larry J. Simon, Leiden: Brill 1995.   The phrase “pro maiori parte” suggests that either some of the copying was not at Le Puy or that someone else copied the first 25 folios.

  Was Bertrand the author? Yes, according to Antonio Tavira in 1799, Bishop of Salamanca (d. 1807), as quoted by Beaujouan (142).  But Bertrand cannot have written the last book in 1307; he was just the scribe, as Beaujouan agrees.  So who was the author?  Philippus de Vitriaco (?) is Lohr's suggestion.  Boüard prefers  Hugo Ripelin (1200-1210 -- 1268), whose theological compendium dates ca. 1260.  Dondaine and Grabmann disagreed with Boüard, correctly dating the encyclopedia circa 1240.   The author knows Aristotle's Meteora, De generatione etc. very well, but also relies heavily on Plato, Calcidius.  Pace Boüard, book 8 seems an integral part of the work, and it certainly dates from before 1246, citing not Grosseteste's translation of the Nicomachean Ethics but the vetus and the nova, and also the metaphysica vetus (54ra).   Examples of the use of the vetus translatio include Nicomachean Ethics 2.6.08a34 “catoplex” not “kataplex” at 8.18 (60vb); NE  3.6.13b31 “maledictiones” not “increpationes” at 8.36 (62vb); and NE 3.7.15a22 “mulieres” not “uxor” at 8.41 (63va).

  Extracts from Compendium philosophiæ were edited by Michel de Boüard,  pp. 121-206.  Boüard believed according to Beaujouan (142) that the last book (on ethics) might be a late addition.  No sign of this in the text.

  Other manuscripts: Paris, BN lat. 15879 (1320); Séville, B. Colombine 7-3-40 (1302, Beaujouan 142).  List not exhaustive.

2.   Physical Description

  Parchment  Codex, fol. 1-71.   Flawed, irregular parchment used, cf. fol. 5-7, 10, 14 etc.

  Folio numeration original: roman numerals in red as center headers, recto & verso; 71v is marked 72 however.  Also roman numerals and modern arabic numerals at the top right.

  Folio numbers by signature: blue at bottom (horizontal, vertical strokes, roman, alphabetic), x marks return.

  Dimensions:  220x155-160 mm.  (155-165x125; Lilao 160x122).

Collation:

  Flesh side out.   Quire breaks are random. 

  Summary:     1⁸  2-3¹⁰   + 1 leaf (fol. 29), 4²  5¹⁴ 6¹⁰ 7-8⁸ .  NB: Re Lilao 29 is missing.

  Long form (signature (bifolia/midfolio) last foliocatch): [1] (4/5) 8_c; [2] (5/14) 18_c; [3] (5/24) 28_c; 29;

[4] (1/31) 31_c; [5] (7/39) 45_c; [6] (5/51) 55_c; [7] (4/60) 63_c; [8] (4/68) 71.

  Quires not numbered.

  Catchwords: 8v, 18v, 28v, 31v, 45v, 55v, 63v. Enclosed with amusing drawings 8, 18.

Layout:  Written below the top line.

  Double columns, 36-48 lines long, 3 mm. between lines

  Written space  155 x  125 Column height 155 mm., width 60 mm 7 mm. apart.

  Margin size: top  22 (12 to divider) mm., bottom 40 (20 to divider) mm., 

  inside 8 mm., outside 25 (10 to divider) mm.

Check sum:  22 (top mg). + 155 (vertical col.) + 40 (bot. mg.) = 217; 8 (in mg). + 60 (2 x horiz. col.) + 7 (center) + 25 (out. mg.) = 160.

Framing/lines in grey plummet. Column frame single. For elaborate margin frames see 12v-13r.

  Pricking marks mostly cut off.  Clearly visible are marks for the horizontal lines and 3 pricks for center vertical lines.  Text frame is single; outer margin frame, double.

  Running heads: See remarks above re foliation

  Notes:  Light brown notes in a cursive hand through out summarize text, sketch drawings etc.

Hand 1  (fol. 1ra-25vb): southern textualis (rotunda); cf. Thomson 120, Portuguese plate dated 1309. 

  Major vertical compression, short ascenders, feet on f/s and h minimal (D.104); ascenders plain and with ornament (D.113).

  Characteristic letters: no half uncial only uncial d (D.114), open rotundo g and more elaborate forms; h with a limb that goes below the line (D.114); round s and trailing s in final position; iberian z descends below base line (22va; D115).  BUT v is found in the initial position (4rb bot.); no unaligned x occurs; y is undotted.

  Elongated letters at the top of 4v; 22va: Plumbum.

  Ligature of the open upper lobe of the a with preceeding letter (D.114.40); lots of biting.

  Abbreviations few: Crossed tironian et sign.

  Punctuation:  Paraph, full stop = medial point; medial pause: sometimes = ; (9ra5, a symbol also seemingly used as regular positura 4rb, 7rb).  Quotes underlined in red.

  Spelling:  comentatoR (4rb3); ponderozo (22va). 

Hand 2  (25vb-71vb): southern textualis (rotunda); minimal vertical compression, cursive characteristics.

This hand is also responsible for the headers on folios 1-25.

  Characteristic letters: single compartment, triangular a; an occasional f that goes slightly below the line (48rb22, D.114), ascenders plain and with ornament (D.13); occasional looped b;  no half uncial only uncial d (D.114), also present is a looped d; figure-eight g and more elaborate forms; h with a limb that goes below the line (D.114); p and q sometimes footed; upright s  in final position; y is dotted  (D.115).  BUT no unaligned x occurs; no z found.

  Abbreviations few: Crossed tironian et sign;  medial con (25vb: cir9stante) suggests French influence.

  Paraph.  full stop = medial point.

  Spelling:  dupplex (42rb), dupplicatio (48ra). 

Decoration: Initials filled with tight concentric circles.  Opening initial looks quite a lot like Thomson 8, France 1232.  Red and blue paraphs.

  Initials (~10mm): Red w/blue 2v, 4v, 5v  Blue w/red 1r/v, 2r/v, 3 …; fewer after fol. 6.

Additions:

  Fol. 71v bot. Iohannes Se ┐┐┐o s ┐┐┐j .  or  Se ┐┐┐o s ┐┐┐s i s   with a flourish under the name;  the

odd marks here represent minims.  NB: Perhaps the same name appears above the column on 72rb (very doubtful reading), but the ink color and perhaps the flourish may be the same.

MsPart:  Ms 2

1. Contents

1. Richardus Rufus (anon.), Dissertatio in Metaphyicam Aristotelis (DMet) (anonymous), fol. 72ra-132ra.

  Defective,  lacks proem and the first two books; repeats most of book 3 at the end:

   3: 72ra-75ra, 130ra-132ra (collated as X);

   4: 75ra-82vb; 5: 82vb-91ra; 6: 91ra-93ra

   7: 93ra-107ra;  8: 108ra-111va; 9: 111va-116rb

   10: 116rb-121rb; 11: 121rb-129rb

  Red note at the top of fol. 130ra: Ista duo folia que sequuntur cum media plana sunt super secundum methaphysice, et ad literam posita sunt in principio operis, et sic superfluunt.  Perhaps this rubricator also served as the corrector.  The script which lacks forked ascenders but has other Anglicana graphs is similar to that of the diligent corrector who worked on DMet, though the rubricator's descenders are more pointed.  More importantly, there are only late, light brown annotations (e.g. Nota bene) & no (dark brown) corrections on the duplicate folios or on the fragments included (by mistake?) in DMet with the exception of 3 (De divisionibus scientiae), which has been corrected.

2. Anonymus, De lucis natura, de perspiciuo, de radio, de calore solis, fol. 76vb-78rb.

  Defective.  Odd beginning, ends ex abrupto

  Copied between lectiones 3 & 4 of DMet book 4, on quire 9 after added leaf 75.

3. Anonymus, De divisionibus scientiae (incomplete), fol. 129rb-129vb. Donati 2003 (p. 41 n. 42) notes       that Rufus, In Phys. pr. 6, 8 (pp. 89-90) has a similar division of the sciences. Ends quire 17.

  4. Anonymus, Principium in libro Sex principiorum, fragment on 132rb, after DMet duplicate ends abruptly.

  5. Ps. Adam Buckfield (?), In Physicam Aristot.  1.2-2.9 (bk 2 complete), 4.10-6.10 (5 and 6 complete),

  fol. 132va-157va.     

Secundo Folio: principaliores causas et digniores, et sunt ultima forma et ultimum finis

1. Rufus, DMet

  72ra Titulus: (1) super methaphisicam (?); (2) hic  incipit secundus (??) lib. Methi^ce

(3)Incipit tercius metaphysice

  Incipit: Necesse est nobis considerare etc.  In hoc secundo tractatu intendit auctor

inducere sermones disputativos sive litigiosos super questiones difficiles …

  129rb Explicit: Est igitur unum et idem bonum numero principium rerum et non duo bona distincta, ut dicit Anaxagoras.  His opinionibus destructis et sua opinione visa circa bonum terminat suum opus in primo principio in quantum est principium finale et bonum et non ulterius procedit nec oportet ut aliquid altius de eo determinent (!), sed quod plus determinandum est de eo, hoc ad philosophum non spectat sed divine scientie que est divina simpliciter.

  132ra Explicit (ex abrupto): Ante autem quam compleat suam rationem dicit quod diffinitio diversa formarum sensibilium et mathematicarum movit predictos ponere formas medias; in diffinitione enim forme mathematice non.

2. De lucis natura, de perspicuo, de radio, de calore solis, fol. 76vb-78rb.  Interrupts quire 9.

  76vb   Titulus: Questiones – Nota bene.

  Incipit: “Quatuor sunt que specialiter intendo investigare: primo de lucis natura, secundo de perspicuo, tertio de radio, quarto de calore solis.  De prima parte dubitatur …”

  78rb Explicit: Comparacio etiam eius ad sensum relinquatur.  Circa primum sic: In libro de  generatione dicitur quod sunt prime qualitates ex quibus omnes posteriores nascuntur.  Color autem est una posteriorum qualitatum.  Nascetur igitur ex primis qualitatibus.  Ad idem.”

Begins at the center of the quire on verso B, after seven blanks lines on verso A.  Three quarters of the column following the work is left blank, as is the next page (78v).  Inserted between DMet 4 lecture 3 and 4.

3. De divisionibus scientiae, fol. 129rb-vb.  Ends quire 16.

  129rb  No header:  Separated from the DMet commentary on lambda only by 2 blank lines.

  Incipit (three quarters down the column, no change of hand): Ut determinatum est in XI

Philosophie prime, causa prima nihil extra se intelligit, cum intellectum sit perfectio intellectus …

  129vb Explicit (remaining three quarter column blank): cum quelibet diffinitio accidentis fiat per additamentum, ut vult Aristoteles in VII Philosophie prime, ergo nulla diffinitio accidentis est una.

  Colophon: Exp

4. Principium in libro Sex principiorum (= titulus (repeated twice in different ink), fol. 132rb. Finishes the page after duplicate DMet 3 ends abruptly.

  132rb   Incipit: In universo triplex est status rerum: unus quidem secundum quem unum quod

dicitur omnes in sua species; alius autem secundum quem unumquodque dicitur <add. sed. del. habere ordinem ad aliud> convenire et differre ab aliis; tertius autem status est in ordinem secundum quem unumquodque dicitur habere ordinem ad aliud. 

  132rb  Explicit (ex abrupto): Et prima istarum dividitur in duas partes in quarum prima determinat auctor de forma diffinitione, et in secunda divisione et etiam subdivisione quousque perveniat ad formam eius.

  5.  Notitiae super libros physicorum

  Titulus: Hic incipiunt alique notitie super alicos libros physicorum)

  132va  Incipit: Necesse est igitur etc. Hic incipit tractatus in quo agit de corpore mobili simpliciter.  Dividit <Dicit S, Dividitur SD> autem hec pars in duas: Prima est de hiis ex quibus mobile constituitur in esse, et terminatur ad tertium librum huius. Secunda de his que consecuntur ipsum mobile iam constitutum in esse.  Et patet sufficientia et ordo.

  141¹r  Headers: (1) Hic deficit super ___ tertium et partem quarti.  (2) Hic deficit totus tertius liber physicorum et etiam pars quarti.  NB 141 verso is blank.

  Explicit bk II: Non erit diffinitio donec dixerimus ipsam esse ex ferro, et hoc est, fortassis autem <at> et in ratione necessarium.

  142 ra: Header: Ista particula est de fine quarti physicorum.

  Incipit: Conveniens autem dictis etc.  <s. lin.>  In hac parte intendit de tempore, et dividitur hec pars in duas:  In prima dat intentionem et innuit ordinem ad precedens.

  157va  Explicit: Tertio determinat quod, si aliquis motus unus sit infinitus secundum tempus, necesse est ut ille sit circularis. <corr. mg. ex: circulans S> Et quasi <q. S, quod SD> concludit hoc sic, scilicet, si loci mutatio una recta non sit infinita secundum tempus, nec generatio una etc., quare impossibile est aliquem <add. motum SD> esse infinitum secundum tempus preter unum solum, scilicet circularem. Ipse tamen <*tamen SD, cum S> hoc non exprimit, et alia translatio non habet ‘quare’ sed habet ‘sed’ ubi nostra habet ‘quare’.  Et hoc est: “Quare autem fieri unum etc.”  Illud autem in octavo huius sufficienter declarabitur.

  Other manuscripts of DMet:  Vat. Lat. 4538, Oxford New College 285 fol. 194-251, Erfurt UB Quarto 290 fol. 1-40, Prague Met. Kap. 80 & the first folio in Oxford Bodl. Lat. Misc. C71. 

  Other manuscripts of Ps. Buckfield: Oxford, Bodleian Library,  Lat. Misc. C69, fol. 1ra-41rb, line 43 (probably stolen from Saragossa's La Seo Cathedral, see Bodleian Library Record 5, p. 166 & remnants in codex – e.g. torn book plate);  Paris, BN lat. 16149, fol. 3ra-42ra, re Donati 1998, pp. 118-119.  

  No other manuscripts of minor works or rather fragments known.  Incipits checked with In principio 2005.

MsPart: Ms 2

2. Physical Description

Parchment Codex. 

  Folios: 72-157.

  Cut 90¹ 141¹ 107 117 (little binder's slip trimming the page). Irregular parchment at bottom 121 137. Sewn: fol. 91

  Foliation modern pencil, upper right hand recto corner.

  Dimensions 220 x 155-160mm. (171-178 x 117-120 mm.; Lilao 175 x 117).

Collation:       Flesh side out

  Quire breaks mostly match scripts, except for quire 18 on which there are two scripts.  Also, some folios have been cut out or cut down (141) at the end when a book finishes – viz. quires 10, 13, 19. One leaf was added, more or less at random (75) ending DMet book 3 and beginning book 4.

  Summary:  9^{8 extra leaf after 3 = 75} 10^{12 lacks 12 (after 90')} 11⁶ 12⁸ 13^{4 lacks 4 (after 107)} 14-15⁸ 16² 17⁴ | 18¹⁰ 19⁴ 20-21⁸      

  Long form (signature (bifolia/midfolio) last foliocatch): [9]  ( 4 / 77 )  80_c;  [10] ( 6 / 87 )  90¹;

[11] (3 / 94) 96_c; [12] (4 / 101) 104; [13] (2 / 107) 107; [14] (4 / 112) 115_c; [15] (4 / 120) 123_c;  [16] (1/125); [17] ( 2 / 128) 129; [18] (5 / 135) 139_c; [19] (2/ 141¹) 141¹; [20] (4 / 146) 149_c; [21] (4 / 154) 157.

  Missing: folios after 90¹, 107, 141¹ at the end of quires.   Added folio 75 after third leaf in quire.

  Quires unnumbered.  No numeration within signature.

  Catchwords: 80v (different hand), 96v, 115c, 123c, 139v, 149v.

Layout:  Written below the top line.

  Double columns, 58-68 lines long, 3 mm. between lines

  Written space  172-178 x 116-120 mm. Column height  175 mm., width 54-56 mm 4-7 mm. apart.

  Margin size: top 15 mm., bot.  27 mm.;  inside 17 mm., outside 21 mm.

Check sum:  15 (top mg.) + 175 (vertical col.) + 27 (bot. mg.); 17 (in mg). + 55 (2 x horiz. col.) + 7 (center) + 21 (out. mg.)

  Framing/lines are hard to figure: at a guess stylus at the outset (quires 9-11, see 78); in grey plummet thereafter (quires 12-21, see 107rb).  Column frames are single.

  Pricking marks vary, see below, but there is nearly always a prick to mark the bottom inside column -- to tell the scribe where to stop?

  Running heads: Book num.: Rufus, brown 3 (corrected from 2) - 4, red 4-10 & XI; Ps. Buckfield, red 1-6.

  Lemmata underlined with red.

  Notes:  Red notes appear to be by the original rubricator; they announce each lectio and offer summaries. Black notes are by the corrector;  brown cursive notes, by a later reading summarizing.

There are some curious late notes that appear to be for binder to match quires:  90v bot. “abc,” 91r top “abc,” 107v bot.  “def,” 108r top “def”; 141v bot. & 142r top: “ghi.”

  Quire construction, arrangement of contents, and variation in layout suggest that MS 2 was prepared by a group (of friars?) working together who tried to start books on a new quire; books 3, 5, 6, 7, 8, & 11 begin or end a quire.  Book 4 is a mystery; it begins on the added fol. 75ra in mid column without the kind of initial that marks a new book, and without a lectio number, breaks off on 76va leaving a few blanks lines, and then resumes on fol. 79ra which is marked as lectio prima. Books 9-10 (111va-116rb-121rb) are short; perhaps too short to organize a quire around:  Scribe 1 (quire 9-10); scribe 2 (quire 11); scribe 3 (quire 12-13); scribe 4 (quires 14-18^{first 2½ leaves}); scribe 5 (quire 18^{last 7½ leaves)}-21).  The table below indicates layout variations by quire; measurements made at midquire.

Quire 9^{8+1 (3a)} → 80: DMet 3-4, De lucis natura, 78rb (½) 78v blank, DMet 4 cont., script 1.

62 lines per col.; 178 x 117 (54-7-55) mm., pricking marks not visible.

Quire 10^{12-1 (12)} → 90¹: DMet 4-5 des., script 1.     60 lines per column;

178 x 117 (54-7-55) mm., pricking not visible.

Quire 11⁶ → 96: DMet 6 inc. -7 inc., script 2.       59 lines per column; 173 x 119 (56-5-56) mm.  Pricking marks for horizontal lines.  Also a complete set of pricking marks at bottom, as it were for verical lines.

Quire 12⁸ → 104: DMet 7 cont., script 3, much thicker parchment. 58 lines per column;     

174 x 120 (56-5-56) mm., rt edge pricking for horizontal lines, top & bottom (double in center) for vertical lines.

Quire 13^{4-1 (4)} → 107: DMet 7 des., script 3, missing 107a because bk 7 ends.  60 lines per column;

174 x 119 (56-5-56) mm., rt edge pricking for horizontal lines, top & bottom (double in center) for vertical lines.

Quire 14⁸ → 115: DMet 8 inc. – 9 inc. (111va), script 1. 62 lines per column;

171 x 118 (56-5-56) mm., rt edge pricking for horizontal lines, top & bottom (double in center) for vertical lines.

Quire 15⁸ → 123: DMet 9 des., 10 inc.-des., 11 inc. (121rb), script 1.      65 lines per column;

174 x 117 (56-5-56) mm. double row of rt edge pricking for horizontal lines.

Quire 16² → 125: DMet 11 cont., script 1.  66 lines per column;

173 x 120 (56-5-57) mm., multiple row of rt edge pricking for horizontal lines.

Quire 17⁴ → 129: DMet 11 des., space, De divisione, script 1.      68 lines per column;

172 x 119 (56-5-56) mm., multiple row of rt edge pricking for horizontal lines.

Quire 18¹⁰ → 139: DMet 3 inc. dupl., Principium, Ps. Buckfield (132va), script 1 (61 lines per col.), script 4 (58 lines); 172 x 116 (55-4-56) mm.; no pricking marks visible, except occasionally at bottom for verticals.

Quire 19¹⁰ → 141¹: Ps. Buckfield bk. 1-2 inc. – des., script 4. Cut off where bk 2 ends. 60 lines per column;  175 x 117 (55-4-56) mm.; no pricking marks visible, except occasionally at bottom for verticals.

Quire 20⁸ → 149: Ps. Buckfield bk. 4 inc. – des., bk. 5 inc. script 4. 59 lines per column;

175 x 117 (55-4-56) mm., no pricking marks visible, except occasionally at bottom for vertical lines.

Quire 21⁸ → 157: Ps. Buckfield bk. 5 inc., bk. 6 inc. – des., ends with 1½ blank pages, script 4.

59 lines per col.; 172 x 115 (55-4-56) mm., no pricking marks visible, except occasionally at bottom for verticals.

Hands: 13^ex c. Anglicana & English Textualis.  Donati 13^ex; Wood 13².

  Donati posits four hands (Donati 2003, p. 36, 39):

English: (1) 72ra-90ra (bk. III-V De lucis natura) & (4) 108ra-132ra (bk. VIII-XI, De divisione, bk. III)

Continental: (2) 91ra-96vb (bk. VI-VII.5) & 3 97ra-107ra (bk. VII.5 – VIII).  The number of hands is right, but none of them is Continental.  Below is a description of these four hands & the last:

  Donati 1 (focus on 74r):  Incipient Anglicana

  General characteristics: Virtually no vertical compression, narrow nibbed pen;  no careful construction.  Simple ascenders, or with modest approach stroke, except that there is often a flat line approach stroke extending to the left above vowels;  f/s often below base line.   Horizontally stretched letter on 72v.                 

  Characteristic letters: Single compartment a, upright or diagonally slanted, simple upright uncial d.

Cross bar of e extends up and to the right.  Open g with flat tail extending quite far to the left.  Long i common; last minim of final m/n curves left below baseline.  Straight r below line, capital r common in initial position. Straight s in initial position, also sometimes in final position; trailing s rare.  Open v (occasionally with elaborate approach) alternates in initial position with u, but u is more common.   Undotted y (79va). Angular three shaped z (74rb) extends considerably below line.  Squarish capital S.

  Abbreviations:  Unconnected simplified abbreviation strokes.  Abbreviation for bus begins at baseline, extends to headline and finishes below the baseline.  Uncrossed et, quite wide, with a vertical stroke through the wide first stroke in the case of etiam. 

  Punctuation: punctus elevatus, low point.

  Spelling:  amicicia, defficit, forsam, ocurrat.

  Ligatures:  ct ligature (74vb: tall t), st ligature, ta, ti ligature.

  Biting if present minimal, as in po. 

Donati 2 (quire 11: fol. 91ra-96vb, focus here on 96r):  This looks like the same scribe as Donati 1 writing a different script: Northern textualis heavily influenced by Anglicana.  The long upright r is missing (except at 95rb: ratione); the f/s does not go below the line, g restrained, sometimes closed;

p sometimes has a foot at the bottom of the descender.  The y is dotted (95va: ylias).  But many of the same peculiarities are retained – viz., the line extending left from the top of ascenders over vowels (92va16, 92va120, 96ra9);  ligatures connecting t with a following a (96ra4bot.) or i (95va16).  Same signe-de-renvoi.  Same flat stroke abbreviating er and ir, same old fashioned abbreviation for est (÷); same abbreviation for et and etiam.

  Spelling: coruptio (92va)

  Donati 3 (quires 12-13, folio 97ra-107ra, focus here on 100r):  Again this looks like the same scribe or some trained in a very similar fashion (a, b, d, e, q, s, t, u, v, x, S), with the chief difference being the absence of f/s below the line and the long r and i and the presence of dotted y.  But there are more differences, between Donati hand 3 and Donati 1 than between Donati 2 and Donati 1.   Chiefly, the open g extends little to the left; there are a couple squared off half uncial d's at the end (107ra3);  p is footed.  There is much more use of the trailing s.   Absent is the ta ligature and the line extending left from an ascender over vowels.   Other letters are the same; as are the signe de renvoi, punctuation etc.

  Regarding abbreviations, Donati 3 shares with Donati 1 a somewhat unusual abbrevation for enim (eⁱ) and the et, etiam (not quite as wide, 100va12b), and est.  But there are more forms of the est abbreviation: dots at the bottom, curls at the bottom; top stroke connected to the middle bar, and even the four stroke squiggle.

Donati 4 (quires 14-18; 108ra-132ra) resembles Donati 1 in having the long upright r and the long i.  Its f/s are somewhat more likely to go below the line than Donati 2 or 3.  The last stroke of its m and n swoop to the left below the line at the ends of words.  It has a medial con (cognoscuntur: 131ra4); like the other hands its et is uncrossed and its etiam has a perpendicular stroke bisecting the top stroke.

It differs from the others in that it has a hairline closed g and seldom employs the tironian abbreviation for est.  Like Donati 2 and 3 it employs mostly trailing s at the end of words.  Minimal biting (de); tall t is used for ct ligature etc.  Donati 4 is, in other words, in some respects compromise between Donati 1 and Donati 3.

Ps. Buckfield hands: Northern textualis with heavy Anglicana influence, 1275 or before.

  Upright or left leaning, but no forked ascenders, skeletal caps, or connected abbreviations strokes.  NB re Donati 1998, p. 142, this is a probably a 13^th c. Spanish hand.

  Only one characteristic Anglicana graph is present, the long tailed upright r.  There are no two compartment a's, no looped d's and f/s often do not go below the line; though the extent to which these descend below the base line may distinguish the hands.  Another graph that differs from hand to hand is the g. Probably quite an early hand since upright s is common in the final position, alternating with trailing s.

  Paraphs are red.  full stop: low point; medial pause: punctus elevatus.

Decoration:

  Initials  (10mm) Red with fine white accents: 72ra (bk 3), 82vb & 83ra (5), 91ra (6), 93ra (7), 108ra (8), 111va (9), 116rb (10), 121rb (11) | 132rb Principium || 132va (1), 146ra (5); red only at Ps. Buckfield 2, 4 & 6.  Also red and blue initials at the beginning of lectures and red and blue paraphs, but Ps. Buckfield decorates only with red. 

Additions:

Fol.  72rb (above the column): Possibly a name has been scratched off – the same Ioannes as on the previous page???  See the notes on fol. 71v.

Fol. 117va (above the column): “penna multum tenuis”

Fol. 129vb: Something has been scratched off and is not visible: “Is[te] … in … Com …[two lines]”

Fol. 157va: “In bono pergamento”

MsPart:  Ms 3

1. Contents

1. Anonymous, Apparatus super Timeum Platonis, fol. 158ra-183vb, Italy, 12^th ex.  Defective.

2. Guillelmus de Conchis,  Glossae super Timeum Platonis, c. 2-7, 146-176, fol 184ra-191r. Italy, 12^th ex.

  Defective:  Missing c. 1, c. 8-145 see Dutton 1997, cf. Dutton & Hankins, p. 489.

  Secundo Folio:  appellemus non usu in bonis illis prosperum, sed res extrinsecas ex prospero

1.   Anonymus, Apparatus super Timeum

  158r: Titulus: Incipit Apparatus super Thimeum Platonis

  158ra  Incipit: Plato in libris quos scripsit de re publica moralem philosophiam docuit.  Mos enim Platonis sicut et pluri illorum philosophorum

  178ra  Finis  libri  I:  et ita innuit in quo sint similia, in hoc scilicet, et quemadmodum eum architipo ita sensibili mundo evi imago, id est tempus. <add. s. lin. et ___atur>

      II:  Et ita fere. In prioribus seriem sui tractatus usque ad geniturum temporis produxit

  183vb Explicit (ex abrupto apud Timaeus 55D, tr. Calcidius, ed. J. Waszink, p. 43): nec huiusmodi passiones sentit ipsum corpus.

  2. Guillelmus de Conchis, Glosae, c. 146-176, 176 breaks off at 190rb but is completed on 191ra;

Accessus, c. 2-7, 7 breaks off incomplete at “tam perfectus” on fol. 190rb, re  Dutton 1997, pp. 227s.

  184ra: Incipit [c. 146] Quippe. Quia dixerat corpora non sentire ostendit qualiter se habeant corpora <om. Jeauneau> dum anima sentit.

  Explicit [190rb]: tributa specie, id est forma [Jeauneau, p. 290].

  190va: Incipit [c. 2]: Incipientibus Timeum Platonis inquirendum est  [Jeauneau, p. 6].

  Explicit [190vb]: tam perfectus [Jeauneau, p. 12]

  191ra: Explicit (torn page) [c. 176]: in omni doctrina, et hoc est et vias omnes pera[graveritis] … [inge]nue eruditionis, id est omnes septem artes [Jeauneau, p. 324].

  As Dutton correctly notes this is the right explicit, and there is a sign at the top of the column that indicates that the text on fol. 191ra belongs after 190rb & before the last page, 190v.

  Colophon: Finis Deo gratias.

Erased three lines after colophon: … Et quidam frater scripsit librum <vel forsan: __ eum> et sequitur [here the parchment is cut off]. 

  Other manuscripts of work 2: Oxford, Corpus Christi 243 (Related but not identical, see Dutton 2005, p. 325).  For other manuscripts William of Conches see Jeaneau.

MsPart: Ms 3

2. Physical Description

Parchment Codex.  

  Holes: 167, 168, 171, 173, 175, 178-83 185, 190 also cut on diagonal. Fol.  191 was torn after writing, but originally mostly blank.  Sewn: 159, 161, 164, 165.

  Folios: 158-191.  Foliation in modern pencil at top recto right corner.

  Dimensions 220 x 160 mm. (185-195 x 130-137 mm.); last quire 210 x 160 mm. (185 x 110 mm.; Dutton 1997, 100 mm., that is 30 mm on the inside and outside margins).

Collation:   Hair side out.

  Quire breaks: Quire 25 begins with a change of hand.  No fit by book; bk 2 begins at 178ra.

  Summary:  22-23⁸ 24¹⁰ 25⁸.  Unnumbered quires.

  Formula 2 (signature (bifolia/midfolio) last folio): [22] (4 /162) 165_c; [23] (4 / 170) 173 _c;

[24] (5 / 179) 183_c; [25] (4 / 188) 191.

  Catchwords: 165 (red), 173 (red) 183 (late).  Dutton 1997, p. 227,  suggests 12^th c.

Layout:  Written above the top line.

  Written space  185-195 x 130-137 mm. (last quire 110 mm.).

  Double columns, 51 except quire 25 which is 43-45 (Dutton 40-45) lines long., 3 mm. between lines

  Column width: 65 mm., except quire 25; 3 and 4 mm. between columns respectively.

  Margin size: Top 5 mm, Bottom 25 mm. Inside 10 mm. Outside 4-10 mm

  Framing/lines drawn with ink, plummet ?     Framing of column single. 

  Pricking marks outside edges for horizontal lines; for vertical lines only the double pricking in the middle of the page is reliably present.

  Running heads:  Red book numbers

Hand (1) fol. 158-183, Q. 22-24: Protogothic, libraria grade (description focused on 174v).  Dutton 1997 posits two hands here, which was not observed by Wood.

  Graceful hand, ascenders with serifs, somewhat resembles Jeauneau's plate IV, Paris BN lat. 14065, fol. 55v, also an Italian hand. Unlike Hand 1, Jeauneau's plate IV has a half-uncial d and lacks the chancery de ligature.

  Characteristic letters: Tall Italian z (174va7; D.65.55, Thomson, p. 56).  Open double and single compartment a;  ascenders with serifs,  c is clearly distinct from t; uncial d not left leaning; g with a large open lower lobe; long i used only in ii combinations (praviis 163ra); occasional round s in final position; x is asymmetric, extending below the line further to the left. Caps include the round E that looks like a lower case e on stilts;  an uncial M, a Q that is a loop to the left of a tall footed diagonal, and a rather awkward S with a flat top.

  Ligatures include the Protogothic ct that features a tall t, often a short curved stroke parallel to the base line (D.66.60).   Also conspicuous is the chancery influenced de ligature.

  Abbreviations: Italian cut q abbreviation for qui (175rb34, 190vb43).  The protogothic est abbreviation (÷  D.67.73);  old fashioned cut double minim and standard .n. enim abbreviation; uncrossed tironian et sign.  The abbreviation for bus/que resembles as semi-colon (D.68.68); also used in sed (s;) abbreviation.  An unusual abbreviation for secundum (sm) in that the approach stroke of the m serves as the diagonal stroke through the s.

  Spelling: cottidie 174 rb.

Hand (2) fol. 184-191, Quire 25: Protogothic (description focused on 185v).  Dutton and Hankins posit a third hand responsible for fol. 190v and 191r, and suggest that a quire may be missing between 190v and 191r.. This suggestion regarding hand and missing quire corrected by Dutton 1997.

  Characteristics letters on fol 190v-191 seem the same as those on 184-190r.

Clumsy hand, with a square aspect and no serifs.  Most of the same letter forms as hand 1 including the cut Italian q.  Not observed were the Italian z or the abbreviation for enim that resembles an n.  By contrast with hand 1, only the single compartment a was present; the g was closed, and the long i did not appear even in ii combinations; the x was symmetrical and did not go below the line.  The chancery de ligature was absent.

  Lemmata underlined in red.  Rubricator also supplies paragraph breaks

  Punctuation in red.   Full stop usually by midpoint.

Decoration:

  Initials  Red 25 mm. P at the beginning. Space left for the same sized initial at 173ra; not obvious why.   Book 2 begins with a 9 mm. red initial in mid column.  Red paraphs.

Additions:

  Fol. 158r bottom:   Iste liber est conventus <cou9> san_^ms J____d_____________ 

  Fol. 173vb bot. Flatus inquam omnibus

  Fol. 191r: iam non estis hospites et a [parchment cut off].

  Fol. 191v: Short late additions, including (1) … esse neque ex aliis … _is insunt hec … scientie (2) … gignascice … livre (3) petri mart__ cui Deus … amen <?> comp__it etc. … xx.
Bibliography:

   M. de Boüard, Une nouvelle Encyclopédie médiévale: Le Compendium Philosophiae, Paris 1936.

  I. Caiazzo, “Sur la distinction sénéchienne idea/idos au XIIe,” Khôra: Revue d'études anciennes et médiévales – philosophie, théologie, science 3-4 (2005-2006) 91-116, especially 110-111.

  A. Derolez, The Paleography of Gothic Manuscript Books, Cambridge: CUP, 2003 = D.

  S. Donati, “Un nuovo testimone dello Scriptum super metaphysicam di Riccardo Rufo di Cornwall” (Salamanca, Bibl. Univ., Ms. 2322), Bulletin de Philosophie Médiévale 45 (2003) 31-60.  Publishes excerpts from Rufus, book 4, lecture 1, also the incipits and explicits of each book; excerpts from “De luce, de perspicuo, de colore,” and from “De divisionibus scientiae.” 

  S. Donati, “Il commento alla Fisica di Adamo di Bocfeld e un commento anonimo della sua scuola,” Documenti e studi sulla tradizione filosofica medievala 9 (1998) 111-178; 10 (1999) 233-297, especially 120, 142. 

  A. Dondaine, review of Boüard, Le Moyen-âge, 47 (1937) 208-210.

  P. Dutton, “Excursus 1: Salamanca, Biblioteca Universitaria 2322,” in “Material Remains of the Study of the Timaeus in the Later Middle Ages,” in L'enseignement de la philosophie au XIIIe siècle: Autour du 'Guide de l'etudiant' du ms. Ripoll 109,” Studia artistarum, 5, ed. Claude Lafleur with Joanne Carrier, Brepols,1997, pp. 226-228.

  P. Dutton, “Holding Women in Common: A Particular Platonic Problem for the Twelfth Century,” in Plato's Timaeus – The Foundations of Cosmology, ed. T. Leinkauf & C. Steel, Leuven: Univ. Press, 2005, pp. 324ss.

  P. Dutton & J. Hankins, “An Early Manuscript of William of Conches' Glosae super Platonem,” Mediaeval Studies 47 (1985) 487-494. 

  M. Grabmann, review of Boüard, “Methoden und Hilfsmittel des Aristolesstudium im Mittelalter, in Sitzungsberichte der bayerischen Akademie der Wissenschaften, Philosophisch-historische Abteilung, Munch 5 (1939) 105-111.

  Guillelmus de Conchis, Glosae super Platonem, ed. E. Jeauneau, in Corpus Christianorum, Continuatio Mediaevalis 203, Turnhout: Brepols, 2006, pp. LXXXVI-LXXXVIII.

  Jeauneau, see Guillelmus de Conchis.

  In principio:  Incipit index of Latin texts,  Turnhout: Brepols, 2006.

  P. Kristeller, Iter Italicum IV, 601, London: Warburg Inst. 1993.  Not checked, but cf. http://www.itergateway.org/resources/id=4 and www.mgh-bibliothek.de/kristeller/index.html (updated 2007).

  Plato, Timaeus, tr. Calcidius, ed. J. Waszink, Plato Latinus IV, London: Warburg Institute, 1962.

  Richardus Rufus Cornubiensis, In Physicam Aristotelis,  ed. R. Wood, Oxford: British Academy, 2003.

  S. H. Thomson, Latin Book Hands of the Later Middle Ages 1100-1500,  Cambridge: CUP, 1969.

  R. Wood, “Richard Rufus,” in A Companion to Medieval Philosophy, ed. J. Gracia and T. Noone, Oxford: Blackwell, 2003, pp. 579-587.

  R. Ziomkowski, License thesis, Pontifical Institute of Mediaeval Studies, University of Toronto.  “A diplomatic edition of a set of glosses related to the Anonymus “Apparatus” on fol. 158-183, that is preserved in Oxford, Corpus Christi 241.  Not available at the Institute library.